How to Write Effective OKRs

Since its humble beginnings in the 1970s, objectives and key results (OKRs) have emerged as a relatively universal goal-setting framework used by individuals, teams, and organizations of all sizes.

On the surface, OKRs appear simple. However, truly mastering the art of creating OKRs that drive impactful outcomes remains challenging for many organizations. And the stakes are high when it comes to creating OKRs. The consequences of ineffective OKRs can lead your organization to lackluster performance, misaligned goals, and employee dissatisfaction.

While there is no one-size-fits-all solution to effective OKRs, best practices, and frameworks can help your organization balance big bets versus short-term wins.

But first, let’s take a step back and define objectives and key results.

What are objectives and key results (OKRs)?

There are two components to OKRs—objectives and key results. That’s easy, right?! Let’s break this down further.

Objectives are things your organization plans to excel in during a given timeframe. For example:

  • Become the leading solution in our category
  • Ensure every product we launch exceeds customer expectations
  • Improve operational efficiency by reducing technical debt

Key results are measurable success criteria used to track the objective’s progress. Using the first objective example above, key results that align with the objective could include:

  • Win over competitors in 70% of competitive sales deals
  • Earn “Top 50” form three nationally-recognized software excellence awards
  • Increase organic traffic to our marketing pages by 50% YOY

Developing OKRs for every level of your organization is a highly collaborative process and will take some time. However, keeping your focus on outcomes is absolutely crucial. Keep reading as we dive into the difference between outputs and outcomes.

Shifting objectives to focus on outcomes rather than outputs

Effective OKRs are highly dependent on the organizational mindset. Seeing whether an objective is making an impact starts with ensuring you are focused on the outcome rather than simply an output.

So what’s the difference?

Prominent OKR trainer Felipe Castro defines outcomes as:

“The measurable beneficial effect on your customers, company, or employees.”

With this focus in mind, objectives must be succinct, easy to understand, easy to remember, and motivational. They must also directly relate to your company’s mission and vision. Objectives should resonate with the very core of your organization’s driving purpose.

Let’s take a look at how we can transform output-focused objectives into ones focused on outcome.

Output Outcome
Launch a referral program Earn the loyalty of our customers
Add error messages Become a more reliable solution for our customers
Build a public API Simplify our product maintenance, streamline innovation, and increase the stickiness of our solution
Build a new support center Empower our customers to find solutions quickly

 

There is a distinct difference in the language used between the output and outcome-focused objectives listed above. Output-driven objectives often feature verbs like “launch,” “create,” or “build,” whereas outcome-driven objectives are characterized by verbs like “improve,” “increase,” and “achieve.”

Measuring progress with outcome-focused key results

Similarly to outcome-driven objectives, key results should mirror progress toward outcomes instead of outputs. A recommended practice sets key results around 30% higher than what you believe can be reached, encouraging your teams to strive for greatness. Christina Wodtke says in her book Radical Focus,

“I know I’ve got the right key results when I am also a little scared you can’t make them.”

So, let’s compare some output-driven and outcome-driven key results based on the objectives featured above.

Output Outcome
Launch a referral program

  • Define a benefit structure
  • Release an MVP referrals landing page
Earn the loyalty of our customers

  • Increase new customer acquisitions through “word of mouth” by 3%
Add error messages

  • Identify and usability test 10 error messages
  • Add 10 error messages
Become a reliable solution for our customers

  • Reduce the frequency of error message occurrence from X to Y per day
  • Achieve a 90% usability test passing rate with a sample group of 10 customers
  • Reduce % cancellations due to “Product was unreliable” from 1% to .5%
Build a public API

  • Public API has feature parity with the UI
  • New functionality is built API-first
Simplify our product maintenance, streamline innovation, and increase the stickiness of our solution

  • Incidence of direct calls to the database is reduced by 15%
  • Reduce average project estimate by 2 points
  • Reduce the number of “refactoring” efforts across teams by 5%
Redesign the support center

  • Publish 40 new support articles
  • Launch article search functionality
  • Build an article recommendation engine
Empower our customers to find solutions quickly

  • Increase the “Did you find this article helpful?” article rating by 5%
  • Reduce customer support emails to five per 100 customers
  • Increase the DAU of the support center to 300 users in the three weeks after the launch

OKRs are not a set-it-and-forget-it endeavor—they’re a lifestyle

Once your organization has set its objectives and key results, you can pat yourself on the back, call it a day, and never think about them again. Kidding, of course!

OKRs are a dynamic part of your organization. As Felipe Castro puts it:

“It is important to understand that we still need to track the delivery of the initiatives. Without them, we will not achieve our OKRs. But initiatives are just bets and must change if the [key result] numbers aren’t improving.”

Crafting outcome-driven OKRs is both an art and a science, requiring leaders to align their teams’ efforts with profound purpose and quantifiable progress. By instilling a shift from outputs to outcomes, articulating inspiring objectives, and calibrating ambitious key results, leaders can ignite transformative change within their organizations.

Best Practice: Incorporate regularly scheduled meetings every couple weeks or so to review your progress on your OKRs, and make sure you’re still on the right track.

The combination of vision, mission, and impactful action lies at the heart of this process, and with the guidance of effective tools like ProductPlan, navigating this journey becomes easier.

Are you curious to see how ProductPlan’s end-to-end product management platform can support your organization’s OKRs? Request a demo today!